Hang him! Hugo returned to political and social issues in his next novel, L'Homme Qui Rit (The Man Who Laughs), which was published in 1869 and painted a critical picture of the aristocracy. Le Rocher de l'Ermitage dans un paysage imaginaire ("Ermitage Rock in an imaginary landscape"). Though Hugo's popularity was on the decline at the time of its publication, many now consider Ninety-Three to be a work on par with Hugo's better-known novels. [10] In Guernsey, every two years the Victor Hugo International Music Festival attracts a wide range of musicians and the premiere of songs specially commissioned from Guillaume Connesson and based on Hugo’s poetry. Hugo began planning a major novel about social misery and injustice as early as the 1830s, but it would take a full 17 years for Les Misérables, to be realized and finally published in 1862. Still, the book was well received, perhaps due to the earlier success of Les Misérables. Additionally, Hugo’s beautiful poems have attracted an exceptional amount of interest from musicians, and numerous melodies have been based on his poetry by composers such as Berlioz, Bizet, Fauré, Franck, Lalo, Liszt, Massenet, Saint-Saëns, Rachmaninov and Wagner.[9]. This might partly explain why in spite of his deep interest and involvement in political matters he remained silent on the Algerian issue. Victor fell in love and secretly became engaged, against his mother's wishes, to his childhood friend Adèle Foucher. I leave 50,000 francs to the poor. A census-taker asked Hugo in 1872 if he was a Catholic, and he replied, "No. This square is served by a Paris Métro stop also named in his honor. He produced more than 4,000 drawings in his lifetime, and campaigned for social causes such as the abolition of capital punishment. Hugo returned to political and social issues in his next novel, L'Homme Qui Rit (The Man Who Laughs), which was published in 1869 and painted a critical picture of the aristocracy. Let those who have loved me respect her. The paraders marched for six hours past Hugo as he sat at the window at his house. A mosaic commemorating Hugo is located on the ceiling of the Thomas Jefferson Building of the Library of Congress. His last novel, Quatre-vingt-treize (Ninety-Three), published in 1874, was about a subject that Hugo had previously avoided: the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution. Les Misérables proved popular enough with the masses that the issues it highlighted were soon on the agenda of the National Assembly of France. Les histoires d'amour finissent le plus souvent par un suicide passionnel, comme dans "Hernani" et "Ruy Blas" de Victor Hugo. Reverie definition, a state of dreamy meditation or fanciful musing: lost in reverie. The death left her father devastated; Hugo was travelling at the time, in the south of France, when he first learned about Léopoldine's death from a newspaper that he read in a café.[61]. He published five more volumes of poetry (Les Orientales, 1829; Les Feuilles d'automne, 1831; Les Chants du crépuscule, 1835; Les Voix intérieures, 1837; and Les Rayons et les ombres, 1840) between 1829 and 1840. Therefore, Hugo's early work, mainly in poetry, show him praising monarchism and faith. In particular, Hugo’s plays, in which he rejected the rules of classical theatre in favour of romantic drama, attracted the interest of many composers who adapted them into operas. [9], On 10 July 1816, Hugo wrote in his diary: “I shall be Chateaubriand or nothing”. Marble bust of Victor Hugo by Auguste Rodin. Although Napoleon III granted an amnesty to all political exiles in 1859, Hugo declined, as it meant he would have to curtail his criticisms of the government. Gaël Liardon / Victor Hugo - Rêverie - Duration: 2:07. domisolmifa 1,082 views. More than one hundred operas are based on Hugo's works and among them are Donizetti's Lucrezia Borgia (1833), Verdi's Rigoletto (1851) and Ernani (1844), and Ponchielli's La Gioconda (1876). Most large French towns and cities have a street named for him. He had been in Brussels since 22 March 1871 when in the 27 May issue of the Belgian newspaper l’Indépendance Victor Hugo denounced the government's refusal to grant political asylum to the Communards threatened with imprisonment, banishment or execution. Je verrai cet instant jusqu'à ce que je meure, 23 juillet - Festival Radio France et Montpellier Languedoc Roussillon - classique - concert - opéra La Esmeralda Louise Bertin - direction Lawrence Foster - Orchestre Nationa... "Caodaism : A Vietnamese centred religion", Guernsey’s Victor Hugo International Music Festival, 1867 Caricature of Victor Hugo by André Gill, Translation of Victor Hugo note found in "Hunchback of Notre Dame," french edition, Official site of the Société des Amis de Victor Hugo, Official site of the Festival international Victor Hugo et Égaux, Translation of The legend of Victor Hugo by Paul Lafargue, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Victor_Hugo&oldid=7108874, Articles needing additional references from January 2012, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with KULTURNAV identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Léonore identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. Hugo married Adèle Foucher in October 1822. It is said Hugo was on vacation when Les Misérables (which is over 1200 pages) was published. [40] When Hugo's sons Charles and François-Victor died, he insisted that they be buried without a crucifix or priest. [10] Victor moved in with his mother 18 rue des Petits-Augustins the following year and began attending law school. It earned him a royal pension (money from the king) from Louis XVIII. Hugo later titled himself as a viscount, and it was as "Vicomte Victor Hugo" that he was appointed a peer of France on 13 April 1845. Hugo also worked with composer Louise Bertin, writing the libretto for her 1836 opera La Esmeralda which was based on the character in The Hunchback of Notre Dame. When Hugo returned to Paris in 1870, the country hailed him as a national hero. The 1848 Revolution made Hugo rebel against his Catholic Royalist education. He played an important part in the Romantic movement in France. The house where he stayed in Vianden, Luxembourg, in 1871 has also become a museum. One of the effects of the novel was to shame the City of Paris into restoring the much-neglected Cathedral of Notre Dame, which was attracting thousands of tourists who had read the popular novel. From squid dishes and exhibitions, to squid hats and parties, Parisians became fascinated by these unusual sea creatures.[3]. His legacy has been honoured in many ways, including his portrait being placed on French currency. Although Napoleon III granted an amnesty to all political exiles in 1859, Hugo declined, as it meant he would have to curtail his criticisms of the government. The youngest son of Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo (1774–1828) a general in the Napoleonic army, and Sophie Trébuchet (1772–1821); the couple had two more sons: Abel Joseph (1798–1855) and Eugène (1800–1837). He is buried in the Panthéon, in Paris. Crépuscule ("Twilight"), Jersey, 1853-1855. Dante. Les Misérables proved popular enough with the masses that the issues it highlighted were soon on the agenda of the French National Assembly. [5] He had also pleaded for Benito Juarez to spare the recently captured emperor Maximilian I of Mexico but to no avail. vers le passé tournant un œil d'envie, I shout and I feel indignant and I cry. […] Now overthrow the scaffold. He was raised to the peerage by King Louis-Philippe in 1841 and entered the Higher Chamber as a pair de France, where he spoke against the death penalty and social injustice, and in favour of freedom of the press and self-government for Poland. The City of Paris has preserved his residences Hauteville House, Guernsey and 6, Place des Vosges as museums. Sometimes he would even toss in coffee or soot to get the effects he wanted. Victor Hugo. when I cried out: "The child that I had just now-- Le Rocher de l'Ermitage dans un paysage imaginaire ("Ermitage Rock in an imaginary landscape"). He lived there again in 1872-1873. When the book was finally written, Tréjean became Jean Valjean.[14]. par les Amis de la Maison de Victor Hugo à Vianden, 2000. discovered in November 1875 may refer to Sarah Bernhardt.[66]. Hugo first became famous in France because of his poetry, as well as his novels and his plays. I am still exasperated and violent. Though the poems were admired for their spontaneous fervor and fluency, the collection that followed four years later in 1826 (Odes et Ballades) revealed Hugo to be a great poet, a natural master of lyric and creative song. In 1871, after the death of his son Charles, Hugo took custody of his grandchildren Jeanne and Georges-Victor. Napoléon became Emperor two years after Hugo's birth. Within a brief period, he suffered a mild stroke, his daughter Adèle was interned in an insane asylum, and his two sons died. Many things Chateaubriand did, Hugo copied. Hugo's advocacy to abolish the death penalty was renowned internationally. This helped his reputation as one of the greatest elegiac and lyric poets of his time. [5][6], Weary of the constant moving required by military life, Sophie separated temporarily from Léopold and settled in Paris in 1803 with her sons; she began seeing General Victor Fanneau de La Horie, Hugo's godfather who had been a comrade of General Hugo's during the campaign in Vendee. He had a casual interest in Spiritualism during his exile (where he participated also in seances), and in later years settled into a Rationalist Deism similar to that espoused by Voltaire. je ne l'ai plus ! ; Politique de confidentialité Alas! This last phase of his political career was considered a failure. However, he enjoyed sharing his drawings with his family and friends, often in the form of ornately handmade calling cards, many of which were given as gifts to visitors when he was in political exile. Madame Hugo and her children were sent back to Paris in 1808, where they moved to an old convent, 12 Impasse des Feuillantines, an isolated mansion in a deserted quarter of the left bank of the Seine. Today the novel remains his most enduringly popular work. Victor-Marie Hugo : écrivain, dramaturge, poète, homme politique, académicien et intellectuel engagé, né le 26 février 1802 à Besançon et mort le 22 mai 1885 à Paris. Hugo published his first novel the year following his marriage (Han d'Islande, 1823), and his second three years later (Bug-Jargal, 1826). En pleine période de guerre, les romantiques cherchent à dénoncer l'horreur de celle-ci à travers leurs œuvres. Finally, he was forced into exile because of his political views. From 1830 to 1837 Adèle had an affair with Charles-Augustin Sainte Beuve, a reviewer and writer.[60]. Let those who have loved me love her.